MV engineVentilation & blood gases
Connecting…— sWaiting for the engine
Waiting for timingSimulation time and elapsed wall time are reported separately.
PawcmH₂OAuto
Airway pressure—cmH₂O
FlowL/minAuto
Airway flow—L/minIn + / Ex −
Lung volumeL · absoluteAuto
Tidal volume · VT—mLWaiting for a completed breath
Lung volume — LAbsolute
Minute ventilation—L/min
Tidal volume—mL
Respiratory rate—/min
Intrinsic PEEP · model—cmH₂O
End-tidal CO₂—mmHg

Waiting for calculated ventilation observations

Inspiratory pauseNo qualified pause
Pplat
—
cmH₂O
Ppeak · flow phase
—
cmH₂O
Inspiratory resistance · est.
—
cmH₂O·s/L
Compliance · Crs est.
—
mL/cmH₂O

Set a VC inspiratory pause in Timing.

Model arterial gases

Waiting for an observation
pH
—
PaO₂ mmHg
—
PaCO₂ mmHg
—
HCO₃⁻ mmol/L
—

Continuous model observations, not collected blood samples. Bicarbonate basis will be identified by the connected engine.

No physiological observations received.
Set valuesWaiting for settings
Settings remain unchanged until Apply is acknowledged by the engine.
Educational simulation · not for diagnosis.

Connecting to the physiological engine…

Waveform scale

Auto fits all visible samples with headroom. It expands immediately and waits at least 5 seconds before shrinking. Flow is positive during inspiration and negative during expiration.

Display only · patient state continues.

Ventilation mode

Choose a supported mode, then review and apply its settings.

The running patient state is preserved.

Inspiratory timing

Waiting for the engine's supported timing settings.

Timing changes remain a draft until Apply.

Model & display

No engine connected.

Capabilities are checked before the session opens.

Physiology powered by Pulse Physiology Engine 4.3.2, distributed under the Apache License 2.0. These model observations are educational and are not clinical measurements.

No accepted observation.

Minute ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate, intrinsic PEEP and end-tidal CO₂ are Pulse model outputs. Intrinsic PEEP is not an expiratory-hold measurement. Unavailable values remain blank.

All waveforms and blood values must come from the same physiological session. Settings, delivered ventilation and blood observations are separate quantities.

Freeze holds the displayed observation while physiology continues. Pause stops advancing simulation time. No values are interpolated to conceal engine delay.

Pressure, flow and absolute lung-volume numbers show the latest sample every 0.5 seconds; they are not averaged. Flow is converted from L/s to L/min for display. Freeze and Pause show the exact retained endpoint. VT is the engine's calculated tidal volume, separate from the set VT and absolute lung volume.

Absolute lung volume is not tidal volume. This simulator does not provide collected-sample reports, alarms, loops or teaching exports.

No patient or hospital identity fields.

Inspiratory pause measurements

Waiting for a qualified pause.

In VC, Tpause is part of total inspiratory time. Increasing it shortens flow delivery and increases the flow required for the same set VT. Requested RR and expiration time are preserved; the native 50 Hz clock quantizes delivered timing.

Pplat is the mean pressure in a qualified, stable zero-flow portion of a completed inspiratory pause. The shaded interval marks the original samples used. Duration and stability affect the estimate; an unavailable value stays blank.

Inspiratory resistance ≈ (end-inspiratory pressure during constant flow − Pplat) / flow in L/s. This effective estimate includes the tube and other resistive components; it is not isolated airway resistance.

Ppeak · flow phase is the maximum pressure in the qualified constant-flow portion, excluding the initial transition. Resistance uses the terminal flow-phase pressure rather than a transient pressure spike.

Respiratory-system compliance (Crs) ≈ same-breath tidal volume / (Pplat − total PEEP). It includes lung and chest wall, not lung compliance alone. Total PEEP is a model estimate, not an expiratory-hold measurement.

Results belong to the displayed breath and settings revision. Changing settings clears live results until another breath qualifies. Freeze preserves the original measurement and its time.

Passive model · engineering validity checks, not clinical validation.